Who Performs Spinal Decompression Surgery?

Spinal decompression surgery is a medical procedure used to relieve pressure on spinal nerves caused by conditions such as herniated discs, spinal stenosis, or degenerative disc disease. Because this is a surgical intervention involving the spine and nervous system, it is performed only by highly trained medical specialists.

Orthopedic Spine Surgeons

Orthopedic spine surgeons are medical doctors who specialize in disorders of the bones, joints, and spine. They are commonly responsible for performing spinal decompression surgery.

• Diagnose spinal conditions using imaging such as MRI or CT scans
• Perform procedures like laminectomy, discectomy, and foraminotomy
• Focus on restoring spinal stability and movement
• Often manage both surgical and non-surgical treatment plans

These surgeons are especially involved when decompression must be combined with spinal stabilization or fusion.

Neurosurgeons

Neurosurgeons are specialists trained in the surgery of the brain, spinal cord, and nerves. They frequently perform spinal decompression surgery when nerve involvement is severe.

• Address nerve compression affecting sensation or muscle strength
• Manage complex cases involving the spinal cord
• Perform minimally invasive decompression procedures
• Handle emergency cases such as progressive nerve damage

Neurosurgeons are often consulted when symptoms include significant weakness, numbness, or loss of bladder or bowel control.

Spine Fellowship Trained Surgeons

Some orthopedic surgeons and neurosurgeons complete additional fellowship training focused entirely on spinal surgery. These specialists may offer advanced techniques and a higher level of expertise.

• Specializes exclusively in spinal procedures
• Use modern minimally invasive surgical methods
• Handle complex or revision surgeries
• Work closely with rehabilitation teams for recovery planning

Who Does Not Perform Surgical Decompression

It is important to understand the difference between surgical and non-surgical decompression.

• Chiropractors provide non-surgical spinal decompression therapy
• Physical therapists guide exercise-based decompression and traction
• Pain management doctors offer injections and conservative care

These providers do not perform spinal decompression surgery, but may be part of the overall treatment plan.

How Patients Are Referred For Surgery

Most patients are referred to a surgeon after conservative treatments fail. Referral often comes from…

• Primary care physicians
• Neurologists
• Orthopedic specialists
• Pain management doctors

Surgery is usually recommended only when symptoms persist for several months or worsen despite non-surgical care.

Choosing The Right Surgeon

Selecting a qualified surgeon is critical for safety and outcomes. Consider the following…

• Board certification in orthopedic surgery or neurosurgery
• Experience with your specific spinal condition
• Clear explanation of risks, benefits, and alternatives
• Access to post-surgical rehabilitation and follow-up care

Spinal decompression surgery is performed by orthopedic spine surgeons and neurosurgeons, often with advanced spine-specific training. These specialists diagnose nerve compression, determine the need for surgery, and perform procedures designed to relieve pressure and restore function. Proper evaluation and choosing an experienced surgeon play a major role in achieving a successful recovery.